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CEFR English

Unit I: Poetry

The Voice of the Mountain

by Mamang Dai

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From where I sit on the high I can see the lights crossing, the big river. I know the towns, the mouth. There, beyond the last bank where the colour drains from heaven, I can the of the world.

The other day a young man arrived from the village. Because he could not speak, he brought a gift of fish from the land of rivers. It seems such acts are repeated: We live in forever and new, and as we speak in changing languages.

I, also, leave my spear by the tree and try to make a sign. I am an old man the that is forever young. In my life I have lived many lives. My voice is sea waves and mountain peaks.

In the transfer of I am the chance that orders the world, with history and miracles. I am the desert and the rain, the wild bird that sits in the west, the past that recreates itself, and of life that clutch and cling.

For thousands of years, I know, I know these things, as rocks know, burning in the sun's about clouds, and sudden rain; as I know a cloud is a cloud is a cloud— a cloud is this uncertain that sits over my heart.

In the end the universe nothing except a dream of Peace is a A moment of rest comes after long

From the east the returns with the blood of I am the child who died at the edge of the world, the distance between end and hope.

The star that fell from the sky, the summer that makes men weep. I am the woman lost in who with happiness to carry on. I am the breath that opens the mouth of the the sunlight on the tips of trees; there, where the narrow the wind, I am the place where memory escapes the of time, I am the sleep in the mind of the mountain.

Content Analysis

Summary

'The Voice of the Mountain' by Mamang Dai voices the unheard words of the mountain, the guardian spirit of the land of wonders. The poem delves into the profound wisdom and timeless perspective of a mountain, which observes the world from a lofty vantage point, witnessing the passage of time, the flow of life, and the changing seasons. The speaker, embodying the voice of the mountain, explores themes of interconnectedness, the cyclical nature of existence, the power of language and symbols, and the enduring spirit of resilience in the face of impermanence and conflict.

Themes
  • Interconnectedness
  • Cyclical Nature of Existence
  • Power of Language and Symbols
  • Resilience in the Face of Impermanence
  • Connection to Nature
Literary Devices

Personification: "The entire poem personifies the mountain, giving it a voice and human-like consciousness."

Metaphor: "The mountain is a metaphor for wisdom, memory, and the enduring spirit of nature. The 'chapters of the world' is a metaphor for rivers or past events."

About the Author

Mamang Dai is an Indian poet, novelist, and Journalist based in Itanagar, Arunachal Pradesh. For her contribution to Indian literature, she received Padma Shri, the fourth highest civilian award of India, in 2011. Moreover, she received the Sahitya Akademi Award in 2017 for her novel 'The Black Hill'. Her work often explores themes of cultural identity, nature, and the interconnectedness of human experience.

Writing Style: Her first novel 'The Legends of Pensam' was published in 2006. Some of her famous poetry collections are 'River Poems' (2004), 'The Balm of Time' (2008), 'Hambreelmai's Loom' (2014), and Midsummer Survival Lyrics (2014).

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What is the central theme of 'The Voice of the Mountain'?